James Hansen: We Are Only Beginning to Feel Climate Change's Impact - YouTube

Published on May 3, 2013
Accepting the 2013 Ridenhour Courage Prize, James Hansen warns of the dire environmental impacts of our growing carbon emissions.

"THIS IS OUR LAST CHANCE!"  I believe James Hansen ... MONTE

James Hansen: We Are Only Beginning to Feel Climate Change's Impact - YouTube

NASA Study Projects Warming-Driven Changes in Global Rainfall

SIGNIFICANT STUDY!!!  Monte

NASA Study Projects Warming-Driven Changes in Global Rainfall

WASHINGTON -- A NASA-led modeling study provides new evidence that global warming may increase the risk for extreme rainfall and drought.

The study shows for the first time how rising carbon dioxide concentrations could affect the entire range of rainfall types on Earth.

Analysis of computer simulations from 14 climate models indicates wet regions of the world, such as the equatorial Pacific Ocean and Asian monsoon regions, will see increases in heavy precipitation because of warming resulting from projected increases in carbon dioxide levels. Arid land areas outside the tropics and many regions with moderate rainfall could become drier.

The analysis provides a new assessment of global warming's impacts on precipitation patterns around the world. The study was accepted for publication in the American Geophysical Union journal Geophysical Research Letters.

"In response to carbon dioxide-induced warming, the global water cycle undergoes a gigantic competition for moisture resulting in a global pattern of increased heavy rain, decreased moderate rain, and prolonged droughts in certain regions," said William Lau of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., and lead author of the study.

The models project for every 1 degree Fahrenheit of carbon dioxide-induced warming, heavy rainfall will increase globally by 3.9 percent and light rain will increase globally by 1 percent. However, total global rainfall is not projected to change much because moderate rainfall will decrease globally by 1.4 percent.

Heavy rainfall is defined as months that receive an average of more than about 0.35 of an inch per day. Light rain is defined as months that receive an average of less than 0.01 of an inch per day. Moderate rainfall is defined as months that receive an average of between about 0.04 to 0.09 of an inch per day.

Areas projected to see the most significant increase in heavy rainfall are in the tropical zones around the equator, particularly in the Pacific Ocean and Asian monsoon regions.

Some regions outside the tropics may have no rainfall at all. The models also projected for every degree Fahrenheit of warming, the length of periods with no rain will increase globally by 2.6 percent. In the Northern Hemisphere, areas most likely to be affected include the deserts and arid regions of the southwest United States, Mexico, North Africa, the Middle East, Pakistan, and northwestern China. In the Southern Hemisphere, drought becomes more likely in South Africa, northwestern Australia, coastal Central America and northeastern Brazil.

"Large changes in moderate rainfall, as well as prolonged no-rain events, can have the most impact on society because they occur in regions where most people live," Lau said. "Ironically, the regions of heavier rainfall, except for the Asian monsoon, may have the smallest societal impact because they usually occur over the ocean."

Lau and colleagues based their analysis on the outputs of 14 climate models in simulations of 140-year periods. The simulations began with carbon dioxide concentrations at about 280 parts per million -- similar to pre-industrial levels and well below the current level of almost 400 parts per million -- and then increased by 1 percent per year. The rate of increase is consistent with a "business as usual" trajectory of the greenhouse gas as described by the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Analyzing the model results, Lau and his co-authors calculated statistics on the rainfall responses for a 27-year control period at the beginning of the simulation, and also for 27-year periods around the time of doubling and tripling of carbon dioxide concentrations.
They conclude the model predictions of how much rain will fall at any one location as the climate warms are not very reliable.

"But if we look at the entire spectrum of rainfall types we see all the models agree in a very fundamental way -- projecting more heavy rain, less moderate rain events, and prolonged droughts," Lau said.

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Steve Cole
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-0918
stephen.e.cole@nasa.gov

Kathryn Hansen
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.
301-286-1046
kathryn.h.hansen@nasa.gov

May 3, 2013
RELEASE : 13-119
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Reference Links:
NASA - NASA Study Projects Warming-Driven Changes in Global Rainfall
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u3gV2wMQ7v0

Rains last week relieved central US drought; dry weather, temperature contrasts exacerbate central High Plains drought === US Drought Monitor

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Central Plains and middle Mississippi Valley: Drought intensified over the central High Plains, while rain provided additional drought relief to eastern portions of the region. Widespread showers (0.75-2.0 inches) in eastern Kansas and southwestern Missouri eased drought, with 2-week totals exceeding 4 inches in eastern-most D0 and D1 areas. Meanwhile, above-normal precipitation in northeastern Colorado improved winter wheat conditions, and drought impacts continued to lessen in this area; consequently, Extreme Drought (D3) was mostly eliminated from this corner of the state. In contrast, dry, hot weather (upper 80s and lower 90s, degrees F) prevailed from Nebraska into southeastern Colorado, where drought intensity either held steady or increased. In particular, Exceptional Drought (D4) expanded across southeastern Colorado, where poor pastures and winter wheat conditions reflect the ongoing impacts of protracted dryness (6-month precipitation locally less than 30 percent of normal); the Colorado winter wheat crop was rated 54 percent poor to very poor as of April 28, 2013, while Kansas wheat stood at 39 percent.


US Drought Monitor

30 Day Rainfall Map - May 3, 2013 --- Predicted Rainfall through May 5, 2013 --- Mississippi River Stage Predictions May 3, 2013 Guttenberg, Ia to New Madrid, Mo. --- Illinois River Stage Predictions May 3, 2013 Morris, Il. to Hardin, Il.

30 Day Rainfall Map - May 3, 2013

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Mississippi River Stage Predictions May 3, 2013
Guttenberg, Ia. to New Madrid, Mo.

Illinois River Stage Predictions May 3, 2013
Morris, Il. to Hardin, Il.

Current Radar

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St. Louis District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Planning for the weekend? Over the past few days, we have seen the Upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers receding at approximately ½ ft. to 1 ft. a day. Heavy rains are forecasted over the weekend and these rains may bring the river levels back up. Reduce your risk by remaining vigilant- keep your temporary flood protection measures in place; if you are near the water, wear a life jacket; do not take chances by going onto levees; and remember, if the U.S. Coast Guard has restricted recreational boating, please heed this restriction.

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Be careful out there!!!  Monte Hines